Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024)

Open Access

Article

Article ID: 326

Thermochemistry of the dissolution of tetra-4-sulfophthalocyanine nickel in aqueous solutions KОН at 298.15 K

by Olga Krutova, Vladimir Maizlish, Michael Bazanov, Viktor Chernikov, Alexey Volkov, Pavel Krutov

Mechanical Engineering Advances, Vol.2, No.2, 2024; 46 Views, 35 PDF Downloads

We have obtained a nickel tetra-4-sulfophthalocyanine complex, soluble in water. The standard enthalpies of formation of a compound can be considered as the sum of the additive group contributions of fragments of these molecules. We assessed this value using a method based on group systematics with a Benson-type classification of fragments taking into account the influence of the primary environment of the atoms. In order to obtain the value of the contribution of Ecompl(N)4-Ni, we used the bomb calorimetry method. The enthalpy of combustion of tetrakis (4-methoxyphenyl) porphine and its complex with nickel tetrakis (4-methoxyphenyl) porphine nickel were experimentally determined. Thermal effects of dissolution of crystalline nickel tetra-4-sulfophthalocyanine in aqueous solutions of various KOH concentrations (from 0.002 to 0.02 mol∙L −1 ) at 298.15 K were determined by direct calorimetric method. The measurements were carried out in a calorimeter with an isothermal shell equipped with a reaction vessel with a volume of 60 cm 3 , electric calibration at T = (293.15–308.15) ± 0.01 K and P = 100.5 ± 0.7 kPa and automatic temperature registration. The standard enthalpy of formation of dissociation products of the tetra-4-sulfophthalocyanine complex with nickel in an aqueous solution has been calculated.

Open Access

Article

Article ID: 526

First and second law analysis of crack propagation in canvas painting

by Mohammad Yaghoub Abdollahzadeh Jamalabadi

Mechanical Engineering Advances, Vol.2, No.2, 2024; 25 Views, 14 PDF Downloads

The knowledge of how the craquelures happen and their pattern on historical objects especially paintings are interested in the field of cultural heritage. Entropy generation and thermal analysis of crack growth are calculated numerically for the canvas painting. The painting is modeled as a three-layer composite with isotropic material properties. An in-house code is developed to model the plane strain elasto-static structural mechanics with hybrid-Trefftz finite element formulation. The results are benchmarked with numerical and analytical solutions. Entropy generation and temperature fields are simulated throughout stacking in mode I of a delamination process. The parameter study shows that the parameter of entropy has a great influence on the process of expectation of break proliferation in fast and low areas. It is likewise demonstrated which use of the corruption entropy age hypothesis gives a technique for assessing the steady in the law of crack growth regarding the rate of entropy production.

Open Access

Review

Article ID: 1223

Prelithiation of electrodes in lithium-ion capacitors: A review

by Aston Sam D’Silva, M. P. Eldho, K. Lekha, J. Anushree, Vinayambika S. Bhat, Raghavendra Sagar

Mechanical Engineering Advances, Vol.2, No.2, 2024; 76 Views, 46 PDF Downloads

Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) are one among the modern state-of-the-art hybrid capacitors comprising of high potential window and impart higher energy density than supercapacitors (SCs). These LICs encompass elevated power density and longer life span than lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Preparation of high-performance electrode materials with electrochemically active microstructure and prelithiation are two efficient approaches to fabricate highly efficient LICs. But it comes across as a real dilemma of low initial Columbic efficiency if only microstructure is considered as an efficient way to enhance the performance. Nevertheless, prelithiation plays a crucial role in the manufacturing of LICs, improving the initial Coulombic efficiency and enlarging the voltage window. This paper reviews the recent lithiation approaches for Lithium-ion capacitors by providing their methods and discussing their results concerning their energy and power density.