Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026)

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 4290

    SINE: strategic integration of navigated engagement - a design thinking framework for technology integration in secondary education

    by Anne-Louise Agnew, Jonathon Mascorella

    Forum for Education Studies, Vol.4, No.3, 2026;

    The integration of digital technologies in secondary education requires teachers to make principled decisions about when and how technological affordances serve learning. This paper introduces the SINE framework (Strategic Integration of Navigated Engagement), a design thinking scaffold that positions technology use as a pedagogical decision grounded in professional judgement, disciplinary epistemology, and learner need. The study examined approximately 80 learning design artefacts produced by preservice teachers across Mathematics, Science, English, HSIE, and Creative Arts (Drama) within an initial teacher education program. Qualitative content analysis examined how preservice teachers articulated pedagogical reasoning, positioned technology IN and OUT, interpreted technological affordances in relation to disciplinary purposes, and demonstrated developing teacher design thinking. Findings identified four themes: Pedagogical Reasoning During Design, Deliberate Positioning of Technology, Disciplinary Alignment of Technological Affordances, and Development of Teacher Design Thinking. The artefacts demonstrated varying levels of reasoning sophistication, with more developed responses explicitly connecting technology decisions to intended learning, disciplinary purposes, and anticipated effects on student understanding. Technology OUT decisions further demonstrated that purposeful integration can involve the deliberate exclusion of technology where other approaches better serve learning. Placement-situated artefacts from a subset of participants also provided evidence of the framework being applied within classroom-based planning contexts. The findings position SINE as a practical scaffold for making technology-related pedagogical reasoning visible and supporting context-responsive, discipline-aligned decision-making during learning design.

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  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 4435

    Problem analysis of curriculum development for application-oriented undergraduate art and design programs in Chinese-foreign cooperative education: a case study

    by Zhiyong Wang, Wei Wang

    Forum for Education Studies, Vol.4, No.3, 2026;

    Based on the OBE (Outcome-Based Education) philosophy, this study examines the construction of curriculum systems for application-oriented undergraduate art and design programs in Chinese-foreign cooperative education, taking the Modern International Art & Design Academy of Chongqing Technology and Business University as a case study. The research identifies four core challenges in practice at present: a gap between application-oriented talent cultivation goals and OBE principles; an incomplete curriculum system that integrates local needs with an international perspective; a dual-standard issue in assessment and evaluation systems oriented toward students’ long-term career development; and the absence of an effective collaborative mechanism between Chinese and foreign faculty despite their physical co-presence. These problems essentially reflect the structural tension between internationalization and localization. The study proposes that the solution lies in constructing a new educational logic of integrated co-creation, applying an outcome-oriented approach throughout the entire process of goal setting, curriculum reconstruction, evaluation reform, and faculty development. This approach would promote the organic integration of international design education resources with local industry-education collaboration, and establish a career competency tracking and support system that runs through the entire cultivation process. This study also provides a problem definition and analytical framework for similar institutions seeking to advance high-quality development in Chinese-foreign cooperative education.

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