Nonlinear controller for SEPIC with single variable to tune
Abstract
This work proposes a systematic approach to designing a novel integral sliding mode controller (ISMC) for a single-ended primary-inductor converter (SEPIC) with only one tunable parameter where the upper and lower bounds are derived. The designed surface results in minimal chattering behaviour at the output voltage as well as at the duty cycle and allows for operating the SEPIC at a fixed switching frequency. The proposed controller can withstand up to a 70% variation in the input voltage and 100% variation on the load side, in addition to superior performance for a cold start. The proposed controller and the corresponding mathematical formulation were simulated in a Simulink environment and experimentally tested via a scaled prototype. The proposed controller performance is also compared to Type II and integral Linear-Quadratic Regulators (LQR).
References
[1] Kapat S, Krein PT. A Tutorial and Review Discussion of Modulation, Control and Tuning of High-Performance DC-DC Converters Based on Small-Signal and Large-Signal Approaches. IEEE Open Journal of Power Electronics. 2020, 1: 339-371. doi: 10.1109/ojpel.2020.3018311
[2] Ullah Q, Busarello TDC, Brandao DI, et al. Design and Performance Evaluation of SMC-Based DC–DC Converters for Microgrid Applications. Energies. 2023, 16(10): 4212. doi: 10.3390/en16104212
[3] Nicola M, Nicola CI, Selișteanu D. Improvement of the Control of a Grid Connected Photovoltaic System Based on Synergetic and Sliding Mode Controllers Using a Reinforcement Learning Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Agent. Energies. 2022, 15(7): 2392. doi: 10.3390/en15072392
[4] Erickson RW, Maksimović D. Fundamentals of Power Electronics. Springer US; 2001. doi: 10.1007/b100747
[5] Mohan N. Advanced Electric Drives: Analysis, Control and Modeling Using Simulink by Ned Mohan. Mnpere; 1707.
[6] Aroudi AE, Mandal K, Al-Numay MS, et al. Piecewise Quadratic Slope Compensation Technique for DC-DC Switching Converters. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. 2020, 67(12): 5574-5585. doi: 10.1109/tcsi.2020.2993793
[7] Deisch C. Simple switching control method changes power converter into a current source. In: Proceedings of the 1978 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference; 13-15 June 1978; Syracuse, NY, USA. pp. 300-306. doi: 10.1109/pesc.1978.7072368
[8] Liu YF, Meyer E, Xiaodong Liu. Recent Developments in Digital Control Strategies for DC/DC Switching Power Converters. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2009, 24(11): 2567-2577. doi: 10.1109/tpel.2009.2030809
[9] Khalil H. Nonlinear Systems, 3rd ed. Pearson; 2001.
[10] Tan SC, Lai YM, Tse CK. General Design Issues of Sliding-Mode Controllers in DC–DC Converters. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics. 2008, 55(3): 1160-1174. doi: 10.1109/tie.2007.909058
[11] Wang J, Rong J, Yu L. Dynamic prescribed performance sliding mode control for DC–DC buck converter system with mismatched time-varying disturbances. ISA Transactions. 2022, 129: 546-557. doi: 10.1016/j.isatra.2022.02.019
[12] Buckner GD. Intelligent bounds on modeling uncertainty: applications to sliding mode control. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part C (Applications and Reviews). 2002, 32(2): 113-124. doi: 10.1109/tsmcc.2002.801350
[13] Pandey SK, Veeranna K, Patil SL, et al. Uncertainty Estimator based Sliding Mode Control Schemes for Multimode Noninverting Buck-Boost DC-DC Converter. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2020, 53(1): 555-560. doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.06.093
[14] Zhang L, Wang Z, Li S, et al. Universal finite-time observer based second-order sliding mode control for DC-DC buck converters with only output voltage measurement. Journal of the Franklin Institute. 2020, 357(16): 11863-11879. doi: 10.1016/j.jfranklin.2019.11.057
[15] Hamed SB, Hamed MB, Sbita L. Robust Voltage Control of a Buck DC-DC Converter: A Sliding Mode Approach. Energies. 2022, 15(17): 6128. doi: 10.3390/en15176128
[16] Chincholkar SH, Jiang W, Chan CY. A Modified Hysteresis-Modulation-Based Sliding Mode Control for Improved Performance in Hybrid DC–DC Boost Converter. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs. 2018, 65(11): 1683-1687. doi: 10.1109/tcsii.2017.2784549
[17] Wang Y, Duan G, Yu J, et al. Harmonic Analysis of Sliding-Mode-Controlled Buck Converters Imposed by Unmodeled Dynamics of Hall Sensor. Energies. 2023, 16(17): 6124. doi: 10.3390/en16176124
[18] González I, Sánchez-Squella A, Langarica-Cordoba D, et al. A PI + Sliding-Mode Controller Based on the Discontinuous Conduction Mode for a Unidirectional Buck–Boost Converter with Electric Vehicle Applications. Energies. 2021, 14(20): 6785. doi: 10.3390/en14206785
[19] Pandey SK, Patil SL, Phadke SB. Regulation of Nonminimum Phase DC–DC Converters Using Integral Sliding Mode Control Combined with a Disturbance Observer. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs. 2018, 65(11): 1649-1653. doi: 10.1109/tcsii.2017.2759908
[20] Ghosh SK, Roy TK, Pramanik MdAH, et al. Design of Nonlinear Backstepping Double-Integral Sliding Mode Controllers to Stabilize the DC-Bus Voltage for DC–DC Converters Feeding CPLs. Energies. 2021, 14(20): 6753. doi: 10.3390/en14206753
[21] Das S, Salim Qureshi M, Swarnkar P. Design of integral sliding mode control for DC-DC converters. Materials Today: Proceedings. 2018, 5(2): 4290-4298. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.11.694
[22] Bensaada M, Boudghene Stambouli A. A practical design sliding mode controller for DC–DC converter based on control parameters optimization using assigned poles associate to genetic algorithm. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems. 2013, 53: 761-773. doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2013.05.043
[23] Komurcugil H. Adaptive terminal sliding-mode control strategy for DC–DC buck converters. ISA Transactions. 2012, 51(6): 673-681. doi: 10.1016/j.isatra.2012.07.005
[24] Mahdavi J, Nasiri MR, Agah A, et al. Application of Neural Networks and State-Space Averaging to DC/DC PWM Converters in Sliding-Mode Operation. IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics. 2005, 10(1): 60-67. doi: 10.1109/tmech.2004.842227
[25] Sarkar TT, Mahanta C. Estimation Based Sliding Mode Control of DC-DC Boost Converters. IFAC-PapersOnLine. 2022, 55(1): 467-472. doi: 10.1016/j.ifacol.2022.04.077
[26] Gireesh G, Seema PN. High frequency SEPIC Converter with PWM Integral Sliding Mode Control. In: Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Technological Advancements in Power and Energy (TAP Energy); 24-26 June 2015; Kollam, India. pp. 393-397. doi: 10.1109/tapenergy.2015.7229651
[27] Salazar-Duque JE, Ortiz-Rivera EI, Gonzalez-Llorente J. Analysis and non-linear control of SEPIC dc-dc converter in photovoltaic systems. In: Proceedings of the 2015 IEEE Workshop on Power Electronics and Power Quality Applications (PEPQA); 2-4 June 2015; Bogota, Colombia. pp. 1-6. doi: 10.1109/pepqa.2015.7168243
[28] Kavitha A, Indira G, Uma G. Analysis and Control of Chaos in SEPIC DC-DC Converter Using Sliding Mode Control. In: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting; 5-9 October 2008; Edmonton, AB, Canada. pp. 1-6. doi: 10.1109/08ias.2008.289
[29] Ablay G. Robust tracking controller for SEPIC drivers. Electronics Letters. 2016, 52(24): 2007-2009. doi: 10.1049/el.2016.3427
[30] Li N, Lin-Shi X, Lefranc P, et al. Universal DC-DC converter using SEPIC. In: Proceedings of the 2011 14th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications; 30 August 2011–1 September 2011; Birmingham, UK. pp. 1-10.
[31] Komurcugil H, Biricik S, Guler N. Indirect Sliding Mode Control for DC–DC SEPIC Converters. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. 2020, 16(6): 4099-4108. doi: 10.1109/tii.2019.2960067
[32] Jaafar A, Godoy E, Lefranc P, et al. Nonlinear sliding mode observer and control of high order DC-DC converters. In: Proceedings of the IECON 2010 - 36th Annual Conference on IEEE Industrial Electronics Society; 7-10 November 2010; AZ, USA. pp. 180-186. doi: 10.1109/iecon.2010.5675208
[33] Basso CP. Designing Control Loops for Linear and Switching Power Supplies: A Tutorial Guide. Artech House; 2012.
Copyright (c) 2024 Youssef El Haj, Vijay Sood, Ahmed Sheir, Ruth Milman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.