Investigation of self-excited induction generator for supporting domestic loads and its extension to a microgrid
Abstract
This study provides a technical and financial analysis for the incorporation of a microgrid structure with a wind energy conversion system for producing electricity. This study’s primary aim is to provide solutions for issues that arise when isolated induction generators are employed with microgrids. A closed-loop smart electronic load controller is used to regulate the loads in the system that are supplied by the generator. A switched variable capacitor bank is used to supply reactive power initially during a voltage dip at varying winds and loads to sustain the voltage profile. Additionally, a simple voltage control loop-based controller for the generator-side converter maintains the voltage at a steady level. Using HOMER software, an economic study of the suggested wind-based microgrid structure is also presented. A laboratory experimental setup is used to support the MATLAB/Simulink study of the proposed method and its control. The findings support the feasibility of implementing the suggested plan in grid-isolated regions for supplying critical loads.
References
[1] Patel MR, Beik O. Wind and Solar Power Systems, 3rd ed. CRC Press; 2021.
[2] Chojaa H. A novel DPC approach for DFIG-based variable speed wind power systems using DSpace. IEEE Access. 2023; 11: 9493-9510. doi: 10.1109/access.2023.3237511
[3] Faisal Khan M, Khan M, Iqbal A. Effects of induction machine parameters on its performance as a standalone self-excited induction generator. Energy Reports. 2022; 8: 2302-2313. doi: 10.1016/j.egyr.2022.01.023
[4] Grgic I, Basic M, Vukadinovic D, et al. Optimal control of a standalone wind-solar-battery power system with a quasi-z-source inverter. In: Proceedings of the 2020 9th International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and Application (ICRERA); 27-30 September 2020; Glasgow, UK. pp. 61-66. doi: 10.1109/ICRERA49962.2020.9242854
[5] Hamid B, Hussain I, Iqbal SJ, et al. Optimal MPPT and BES Control for Grid-Tied DFIG-Based Wind Energy Conversion System. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2022; 58(6): 7966-7977. doi: 10.1109/tia.2022.3202757
[6] Ion CP. A Comprehensive Overview of Single–Phase Self-Excited Induction Generators. IEEE Access. 2020; 8: 197420-197430. doi: 10.1109/access.2020.3034291
[7] Chatterjee A, Chatterjee D. PV‐assisted microgeneration scheme with single‐phase induction generator suitable for wide speed range application. IET Power Electronics. 2017; 10(14): 1859-1869. doi: 10.1049/iet-pel.2016.0535
[8] Mi Y, Song Y, Fu Y, et al. The Adaptive Sliding Mode Reactive Power Control Strategy for Wind–Diesel Power System Based on Sliding Mode Observer. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy. 2020; 11(4): 2241-2251. doi: 10.1109/tste.2019.2952142
[9] Singh S, Azad ML, Kumar A. Electronic load controllers for self-excited induction generator. In: Proceedings of the 2016 International Conference on Innovation and Challenges in Cyber Security (ICICCS-INBUSH); 3-5 February 2016; Greater Noida, India. pp. 300-303. doi: 10.1109/ICICCS.2016.7542354
[10] Chatterjee A. Analysis of a Wind-PV hybrid system with smart control for grid-secluded critical loads in onshore Indian area. In: Bhaumik S, Chattopadhyay S, Chattopadhyay T, Bhattacharya S (editors). Proceedings of International Conference on Industrial Instrumentation and Control (ICI2C 2021); 20-22 August 2021; Kolkata, India. Springer; 2022. pp. 495-503. doi: 10.1007/978-981-16-7011-4_47
[11] Chatterjee A. Wind-PV based generation with smart control suitable for grid-isolated critical loads in onshore India. Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series B. 2022; 52: 1-11. doi: 10.1007/s40031-022-00827-2
[12] Huynh P, Tungare S, Banerjee A. Maximum Power Point Tracking for Wind Turbine Using Integrated Generator–Rectifier Systems. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics. 2021; 36(1): 504-512. doi: 10.1109/tpel.2020.3002254
[13] Shutari H, Ibrahim T, Mohd Nor NB, et al. Development of a Novel Efficient Maximum Power Extraction Technique for Grid-Tied VSWT System. IEEE Access. 2022; 10: 101922-101935. doi: 10.1109/access.2022.3208583
[14] Roy K, Chatterjee A, Chatterjee D, et al. A Photovoltaic-based Improved Excitation Control Strategy of Three-phase Self-excited Induction Generator Suitable for Wind Power Generation. Electric Power Components and Systems. 2015; 43(17): 1912-1920. doi: 10.1080/15325008.2015.1070382
[15] Chatterjee A, Ghosh S, Mitra A. Wind-PV based isolated hybrid generation for smart irrigation management and supplying other critical loads. In: Proceedings of the 2022 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Energy and Future Electric Transportation (SeFeT); 4-6 August 2022; Hyderabad, India. pp. 1-6. doi: 10.1109/SeFeT55524.2022.9908711
[16] Behera PK, Pattnaik M. Coordinated Power Management of a Laboratory Scale Wind Energy Assisted LVDC Microgrid With Hybrid Energy Storage System. IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics. 2023; 69(3): 467-477. doi: 10.1109/tce.2023.3287099
[17] Liu Y, Masadeh MA, Pillay P. Power-Hardware-In-The-Loop-Based Emulation of a Self-Excited Induction Generator Under Unbalanced Conditions. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2022; 58(1): 588-598. doi: 10.1109/tia.2021.3118985
[18] Panda D, Kundu P, Rajpuroit BS. Real-time voltage control and harmonics elimination of islanded microgrid using back-to-back electric spring. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2024. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2024.3397963
[19] Mohanty S, Pati S, Kar SK, et al. A Novel Electric Spring with Improved Range of Operation for Isolated Microgrid Systems. IEEE Access. 2023; 11: 75761-75781. doi: 10.1109/access.2023.3295888
[20] Mohanty S, Pati S, Kumar Kar S. Improved islanded microgrid performance with sliding mode controller based electric spring. Renewable Energy Focus. 2024; 48: 100535. doi: 10.1016/j.ref.2023.100535
[21] Trzynadlowski A. Control of Induction Motors, 1st ed. Academic Press; 2001.
[22] Ghosh S, Chatterjee A, Chatterjee D. Extraction of statistical features for type-2 fuzzy NILM with IoT enabled control in a smart home. Expert Systems with Applications. 2023; 212: 118750. doi: 10.1016/j.eswa.2022.118750
[23] Chatterjee A, Ghosh S, Mitra A. Hybrid generation scheme for delivering irrigation loads and other critical loads with smart IoT based control. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. 2024; 60(1): 828-837. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2023.3322114
[24] Ganguly B, Chatterjee A. MQTT protocol based extensive smart motor control for electric vehicular application. In: Proceedings of the 2020 IEEE 7th Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (UPCON); 27-29 November 2020; Prayagraj, India. pp. 1-5. doi: 10.1109/UPCON50219.2020.9376452
[25] Homer Energy. Available online: https://www.homerenergy.com/ (accessed on 17 April 2024).
[26] Chatterjee A, Banerjee B. Cost-Effective Hybrid Wind-Photovoltaic Generation System for Isolated Critical Loads: A Case Study. Journal of Electronics and Electrical Engineering. 2023. doi: 10.37256/jeee.2220233735
[27] Dufo-López R, Bernal-Agustín JL, Mendoza F. Design and economical analysis of hybrid PV–wind systems connected to the grid for the intermittent production of hydrogen. Energy Policy. 2009; 37(8): 3082-3095. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2009.03.059
[28] Global Petrol Prices. Available online: https://www.globalpetrolprices.com/India/electricity_prices/ (accessed on 17 April 2024).
[29] Strielkowski W. Renewable energy sources, power markets, and smart grids. In: Social Impacts of Smart Grids, 1st ed. Elsevier; 2020. pp. 97-151.
[30] Bose BK. Modern Power Electronics and AC Drives, 1st ed. Prentice Hall; 2001.
Copyright (c) 2024 Arunava Chatterjee
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors contributing to this journal agree to publish their articles under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, allowing third parties to share their work (copy, distribute, transmit) and to adapt it for any purpose, even commercially, under the condition that the authors are given credit. With this license, authors hold the copyright.