Description

Sound & Vibration is a journal intended for individuals with broad-based interests in noise and vibration, dynamic measurements, structural analysis, computer-aided engineering, machinery reliability, and dynamic testing. The journal strives to publish referred papers reflecting the interests of research and practical engineering on any aspects of sound and vibration. Of particular interest are papers that report analytical, numerical and experimental methods of more relevance to practical applications.

 

This journal is an indispensable reading and publishing area for all scientists, researchers, engineers, university and professional teachers, industrialists, and people in business interested in inventing, developing, implementing, commercializing, and using processes and products based totally or partly on sound and vibration.

 

Starting from Volume 59, 2025, Sound & Vibration will be published by Academic Publishing. As of 5 September 2024, new submissions should be made to the Open Journal Systems. To view your previous submissions, please access TSP system.

 

Papers are sought that contribute to the following general topics: 

    1. broad-based interests in noise and vibration
      2. dynamic measurements
        3. structural analysis
          4. computer-aided engineering
            5. machinery reliability
              6. dynamic testing

Latest Articles

  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2372

    Innovative intelligent and expert system of bridges damage identification via wavelet packet energy curvature difference method integrated with artificial intelligence algorithms

    by Wael A. Altabey

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    Bridges are important infrastructure for highways. Monitoring their status is of great significance to ensure safe operations. In this work, a novel integrated technique from wavelet packet energy curvature difference (WPECD) and artificial intelligence (AI) for bridge damage identification is established. Initially, the damages are simulated in the bridge decks by changing the material stiffness reduction levels of bridge elements by three levels (5%, 10%, 15%) to study the effect of damage on the bridge response. Then the WPECD maps are plotted from vibration response before and after damage to the bridge for each stiffness reduction level. Unfortunately, given the nonlinearity of damage geometry, it is not easily feasible to use WPECD maps for damage identification accurately. Therefore, the (WPECD) maps are used for training a new architecture of recurrent neural networks with long short-term memory blocks (RNN-LSTM) for bridge damage identification by predicting the wavelet functions and wavelet decomposition layer effect of each node in the bridge. The effectiveness and reliability of the proposed approach were confirmed by numerical and experimental results. The performance of the proposed technique achieved high scores of accuracy, regression, and F-score equal to 93.58%, 90.43% and 88.17% respectively indicating the applicability of the proposed method for use on other important highway infrastructure.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2358

    Scrutinizing highly nonlinear oscillators using He’s frequency formula

    by Gamal M. Ismail, Galal M. Moatimid, Ibrahim Alraddadi, Stylianos V. Kontomaris

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    Highly nonlinear oscillators are examined in their capacity to simulate intricate systems in engineering, physics, biology, and finance, as well as their diverse behavior, rendering them essential in the development of resilient systems and technological advancement. Therefore, the fundamental purpose of the current work is to analyze He’s frequency formula (HFF) to get theoretical explanations of many types of very nonlinear oscillators. We investigate, in both analytical and computational, the relationship between elastic forces and the solution of a specific oscillator. This oscillator exhibits significant nonlinear damping. It is assumed that the required quantity of trigonometric functions matches the solution of a strong nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE) that explains the motion. The novel approach definitely takes less processing time and is less complex than the traditional perturbation methods that were widely used in this field. This novel method, which is essentially giving a linearization of the nonlinear ODE, is known as the non-perturbative approach (NPA). This procedure produces a new frequency that is similar to a linear ODE, much as in a fundamental harmonic scenario. Readers will benefit from an in-depth account of the NPA. The theoretical findings are validated by numerical examination using Mathematical Software (MS). The theoretical and numerical solution (NS) tests yielded fairly similar findings. It is a well-established principle that classical perturbation methods trust on Taylor expansions to approximate restoring forces, therefore simplifying the current situation. When the NPA is used, this vulnerability does not present. Furthermore, the NPA enables a thorough assessment of the problems’ stability analysis, which was a not possible using prior conventional methodology. Consequently, the NPA is a more appropriate responsibility tool for examining approximations in extremely nonlinear oscillators in MS.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2025

    Noise suppression of high-speed cavity treated with leading and trailing edge spoilers

    by Yang Liu , Dongping Yin, Dangguo Yang, Yong Luo, Fangqi Zhou, Bin Dong, Ronghui Ning, Chunhui Yan

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    High-speed cavity flow and the induced noise have been continuously investigated in the aerospace industry. They may not only influence the performance of instruments inside the cavity, but also cause fatigue damage to the structures, which threaten the safety of aircraft. Therefore, cavity noise suppression is practically important. In this work, the leading edge sawtooth, the leading edge cylinder, and the trailing edge contouring are employed to suppress high-speed cavity noise at Mach numbers of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0. Wind tunnel tests were performed to study the influence of the control parameters associated with these suppression methods. The results show that the leading edge sawtooth and cylinder are able to effectively suppress cavity noise at Ma = 2.0, 2.5, but prove ineffective at Ma = 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0, suggesting that the critical Mach number locates between 2.5 and 3.0. Above the critical Mach number, cavity noise would increase. In comparison, the noise suppression effect of the trailing edge contouring is relatively minor, and it shows a monotone decreasing trend as Mach number increases from 2.0 to 4.0.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 1941

    Identification of vehicle suspension shock absorber rattle noise based on wavelet packet feature fusion and GWO-LSTM

    by Jie Hou, Hongwei Yi, Xingyu Xiang, Xiangyu Ni, Ruxue Dai, Xiaorong Huang

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    With the advancement of pure electric vehicles, the issue of rattle noise in suspension shock absorbers has increasingly become a critical factor affecting vehicle comfort. This paper proposes a method for rattle noise recognition based on wavelet packet feature fusion and the grey wolf optimizer-long short-term memory (GWO-LSTM) model, aimed at improving the accuracy and efficiency of rattle noise detection. The vibration signals of the shock absorbers are decomposed by wavelet packet decomposition (WPD), followed by extraction of wavelet packet energy (WPE) and wavelet packet fuzzy entropy (WPFE) features and feature fusion. Subsequently, the GWO algorithm is employed to optimize the hyperparameters of the LSTM model, enhancing classification performance. The results demonstrate that, compared to traditional methods, the GWO-LSTM model significantly improves classification accuracy and training efficiency, achieving an accuracy rate of 97.85%, particularly excelling in the recognition of both slight and serious rattle noise. This study provides an efficient and reliable solution for the automated evaluation of shock absorbers’ rattle noise.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2707

    Investigation of acoustic properties of rubber diaphragm

    by Ziyu Wang

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    Large amplitude and high damping play a crucial role in improving sound quality and low-frequency performance of loudspeakers, making it widely applied in electronic devices such as cellphones, tablets, and laptops. However, traditional moving-coil loudspeakers have poor damping performances, and the diaphragm of which is prone to fracture when a large excursion is applied. In this study, a novel ethyl acrylate rubber (AEM) diaphragm was fabricated through solvent casting and thermoforming and assembled to make moving-coil microspeakers (i.e., miniature loudspeakers) with excellent frequency response, amplitude, and damping performances. Meanwhile, the acoustic properties of microspeakers with different diaphragm samples were compared, and the relationships between resonance frequency and elastic modulus in the linear elastic range, the resonance frequency, and mechanical resistance of total-driver losses were revealed and validated by the calculations of mechanical stiffness of driver suspension and mechanical Q-factor of driver. The microspeakers with diaphragm samples “AEM-90-5” fabricated in this study exhibit significant and symmetric excursions; meanwhile, the acoustic properties of microspeakers in the future studies could be optimized by compositions and elastic modulus based on these samples.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2144

    Improve the safety and performance of internet of things assessment devices: From vibration characteristics, interpretable method of knowledge, and ‎combining data

    by Chafaa Hamrouni, Aarif Alutaybi, Ghofrane Ouerfelli, Nahaa Eid B Alsubaie

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    This research focuses on enhancing the safety, reliability, and performance of IoT devices by optimizing the vibration characteristics of materials and noise control. We analyze materials’ vibration-damping properties to minimize mechanical resonance and ensure stable operation. By evaluating stiffness and resistance to deformation under dynamic stress, we examine the impact of vibration modulus on device reliability. Our study explores how damping and modulus influence vibrational energy propagation, noise reduction, and acoustic clarity. To integrate domain knowledge with real-time data, we develop interpretable methods that provide actionable insights into the mechanical-acoustic relationship. Compared with other established IoT security assessment techniques, this method has more effectiveness and superiority. Hybrid materials combining elastic matrices with rigid reinforcements are developed to fine-tune mechanical and acoustic properties for IoT applications, such as industrial systems or wearable devices. Vibration analysis is applied to predict performance under real-world conditions, improving safety and efficiency. Efforts are directed toward reducing vibrational noise and enhancing sound transmission for devices like smart speakers and voice recognition systems, ensuring a better user experience and greater functional accuracy.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2600

    New scaling of critical damping and reduced frequency for mechanically excited systems

    by Md. Mahbub Alam

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    This paper introduces a universal framework for understanding the vibration responses of systems subjected to harmonic excitation. By examining a simplified cylinder-spring-damper model, the study refurbishes traditional scaling methods for the excitation frequency ratio and critical damping ratio. The findings indicate that in damped systems, the maximum amplitude of vibration does not align with the natural frequency. This observation leads to the introduction of a new scaling method for reduced frequency. This new approach aligns resonance peaks at the new reduced velocity of 1.0 across different damping ratios, providing a consistent characterization of vibration behavior. A new critical damping ratio of 0.707 is identified for an excited system as opposed to the traditional damping ratio of 1.0 for an unexcited system. Key properties such as maximum amplitude, phase lag, bandwidth, and quality factor are analyzed, demonstrating that the proposed reduced frequency and critical damping ratio effectively capture the dynamics of both damped and undamped excited systems. The findings offer significant insights for practical applications in engineering and various scientific fields.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2767

    Optimizing acoustic vibration performance in Sitka spruce via grain inhomogeneity analysis: A hybrid approach of image processing and vibro-acoustic characterization

    by Zhenbo Liu, Siyuan Wang, Xiyue Li, Juncheng Zhang, Yaqing Guo, Lan He, Jing Zhou, Yinglai Huang

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    The inhomogeneity of the cross-sectional grain of Sitka spruce wood was analyzed using image processing techniques, and the influencing mechanism of this inhomogeneity on the acoustic vibration properties of the wood was investigated. The inhomogeneity of grain width was characterized by the average deviation of the growth ring width and latewood rate of the test specimens. The inhomogeneity of grain position distribution was characterized by the average deviation of the variation in growth ring width. The influence of the inhomogeneity of these grains on the acoustic vibration properties of the wood was investigated respectively. The results showed that as the inhomogeneity of the growth ring width and the growth ring width variation increase, the values of the specific modulus of elasticity (E/ρ), acoustic radiation quality constant (R), and acoustic impedance (ω) of the wood decrease, while the value of the loss angle tangent (tan δ) increases. As the inhomogeneity of the latewood rate increases, the values of E/ρ and R of the wood decrease, and the value of tan δ increases. The inhomogeneity of the latewood rate has no significant effect on ω. When the width of growth rings was between 0.14 cm and 0.17 cm while the deviation of the growth ring width ranged from 0.024 to 0.036 and the deviation of the width variation ranged from 0.016 to 0.020, the wood had relatively large values of E/ρ and R and a relatively small tan δ value, leading to better acoustic vibration performance. Similarly, when the latewood rate was between 15% and 20% and the deviation of the latewood rate ranged from 0.030 to 0.045, the wood had relatively large values of E/ρ and R and a relatively small tan δ value, leading to better acoustic vibration performance. This result provides more reference data for the rational selection of materials for musical instruments.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2757

    Architecture design and implementation for sensing equipment faults from ultra-weak acoustic emission signals

    by Li'an Lu, Guangyu Liu, Hui Xiao, Xuefeng Li

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    In acoustic emission (AE) detection, the weakness of the acoustic source signal, the interference from background noise, and the attenuation during signal propagation result in the sensor-received signal being completely submerged by noise, severely impacting downstream fault identification and anomaly analysis. This study focuses on the fault detection scenario of AE signals characterized by a low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). It uses low-loss noise reduction and Mel-frequency spectrum transformation for preprocessing, then extracts features with an optimized stacked auto-encoder combined with CNN (OSAE-CNN) innovatively. These features are input into an SVM for fault classification. The proposed method significantly improves fault identification accuracy to 91.38% for signals with an SNR of −20 dB, a 30% increase over the previous method. The research findings can provide technical support for the fault monitoring and safe operation of electromechanical equipment and also offer empirical references for ultra-weak signal processing in various domains.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2904

    Condition monitoring of train transmission systems based on multimodal fusion improved transformer network

    by Cun Shi, Shutong Zhao, Xiying Chen, Shaoping Wang, Di Liu

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    The train transmission system is a critical component of railway operations, playing a pivotal role in ensuring service safety and reliability. However, existing condition monitoring approaches face two major challenges: (1) the coupling of rich multimodal signals, such as vibration, acoustics, current, and rotational speed, is often overlooked, limiting monitoring accuracy; (2) the small data problem in multimodal signals adversely affects the performance of neural networks. To address these issues, this paper proposes a Multimodal Fusion Improved Transformer Network for Condition Monitoring of Train Transmission Systems. The proposed network first explores interdependencies among different modalities of signals and compresses data to reduced dimensions through correlation analysis. It then infers global dependencies through computing self-attention scores based on Q, K, and V matrices. The approach is better than traditional CNN-based models in handling single-modality constraints, with the former demonstrated to be more accurate and trustworthy on publicly available datasets.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2844

    How cavitation number shapes the kinetic mysteries of shoulder and tail cavitation in multi-medium vehicles

    by Sun Hui, Huang Xianghong, Wang Zixuan, Xi Luyue, Gao Cong , Yang Lijia

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    The underwater launch stability of multi-medium vehicles is critically challenged by the dynamic evolution of shoulder and tail cavitation bubbles, which generate asymmetric loads and compromise water-exit success rates. To address this, we designed a novel unconstrained underwater launch platform integrated with 3D-printed modular vehicle models (flat/round heads) and multi-modal sensing systems (high-speed cameras at 16,000 fps + triaxial accelerometers), enabling quantitative visualization of cavitation dynamics under controlled cavitation numbers (σ = 0.62–2.51). Critical findings reveal: Cavitation number governs development asymmetry—lower σ compresses shoulder bubbles longitudinally (maximum L = 1.8D at σ = 0.62 vs. 1.2D at σ = 2.51), while higher σ promotes lateral expansion (W peaks at 0.82D). Collapse-induced instability mechanisms—pressure oscillations within bubbles trigger nonlinear collapses (30% higher collapse velocity at σ = 0.62), generating asymmetric forces that amplify yaw deviations by 15%–22%. Tail cavity dual-phase dynamics—at σ < 1.38, tail bubbles exhibit secondary detachment with umbrella-shaped collapse (velocity rebound ΔV = 1.2 m/s), whereas σ > 2.51 induces early necking at launch tubes, reducing effective thrust by 40%. These findings establish quantitative relationships between σ and bubble-mediated instability, providing design guidelines for cavitation-resistant vehicle profiles and adaptive launch control systems. The experimental framework offers a cost-effective alternative to prototype testing, reducing development costs by 60% through scalable 3D-printed models.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Article

    Article ID: 2952

    The relationship between installation stiffness and the natural characteristics of reinforced cylindrical shells and its application to structural vibration mitigation design

    by Cong Gao, Lufei Li, Jincheng Gao, Jingyi Xiong, Fuzhen Pang, Haichao Li

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    The study primarily focuses on the impact of the installation stiffness at the bottom of the reinforced cylindrical shell on its natural characteristics. Using the finite element modal analysis method, it systematically investigates the effects of three installation stiffness forms—rigid base, rubber pad-supported base and isolator-supported base on the natural frequencies and mode shapes of the stiffened cylindrical shell. Additionally, the influence of key parameters such as rubber pad thickness and elastic modulus on the natural characteristics of the stiffened cylindrical shell is examined. The results show that as installation stiffness increases, the natural frequencies of the stiffened cylindrical shell significantly rise, with a more pronounced effect on lower-order modes. The rubber pad-supported base maintains vibration characteristics close to those of the free state, particularly above 50 Hz. Furthermore, increasing the rubber pad thickness and decreasing the elastic modulus both lead to a reduction in natural frequency, particularly for lower-order modes, which are more sensitive to these parameter changes. These findings provide important guidance for optimizing the vibration characteristics and isolation design of stiffened cylindrical shell structures.

    show more
  • Open Access

    Editorial

    Article ID: 2627

    Vibration: A bibliometric analysis

    by João Paulo Davim

    Sound & Vibration, Vol.59, No.2, 2025;

    Vibration is a mechanical phenomenon in which oscillations occur around an equilibrium point. The Scopus database was used for the bibliometric analysis, based on the term {vibration}. The better result shows in the function of the number of documents produced: year 2024; source Proceedings of SPIE; author Inman, D.J.; affiliation Ministry of Education of China; country China; document type article; scientific area Engineering and funding support National Natural Science Foundation of China.

    show more
View All Issues

Announcements

38th Symposium on Hydroacoustics 2025 is open for registration

2025-03-06

We are delighted to announce that our journal will be partnering with the SHA2025 conference, contributing to its success through our support. Currently, SHA2025 is open for registration to scholars worldwide. We encourage you to stay informed about the conference developments and plan your schedule accordingly.
We look forward to the successful outcome of this conference.

Read more about 38th Symposium on Hydroacoustics 2025 is open for registration