Hybrid analytical–numerical–experimental study of low-frequency transformer noise control using stacked Helmholtz resonator panels

Suleiman Ibrahim Mohammad
Department of Business Administration, Business School, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq 25113, Jordan; Research Fellow, Faculty of Business and Communications, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
Naeema Darwish Khamis Al Maashari
Faculty of Business and Communications, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
Asokan Vasudevan
Faculty of Business and Communications, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
Wenya Wu
Faculty of Applied Technology, Xingtai Vocational College of Applied Technology, Xingtai 054000, China
Mohammad Faleh Ahmmad Hunitie
Department of Public Administration, School of Business, University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
Anber Abraheem Shlash Mohammad
Digital Marketing Department, Faculty of Administrative and Financial Sciences, University of Petra, Amman 11196, Jordan
Torki M. Al-Fawwaz
Economics of Finance and Business Department, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq 25113, Jordan

Article ID: 4302

Keywords: Helmholtz resonator, low-frequency noise, transformer noise control, acoustic attenuation, finite element analysis, insertion loss, resonance tuning, passive noise control

Abstract

Low frequency noise produced by electrical transformers is one of the most resilient problems, since such types of noises are highly resistant to standard techniques of noise suppression. Absorption panels do not provide sufficient protection below 500 Hz; hence, alternative techniques based on resonance have been developed in the field of passive acoustic control. This research considers stacked Helmholtz resonators as a possible method of attenuating low frequency noises produced by transformer equipment in the range from 20 Hz to 500 Hz. A combination of analytical, numerical, and experimental techniques is utilized to estimate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Experimental tests have shown that proper configuration of Helmholtz resonators can help to attenuate sounds up to 7.5 dB and provide 9.2 dB of transmission loss. The highest efficiency of attenuation has been estimated at 11.5%. Numerical estimates demonstrated a high level of correspondence with experiments, with an error margin of smaller than 3.2% for all tested configurations. An increase in the volume of cavities, neck lengths, and layering significantly increased the efficiency of low frequency attenuation. It can be concluded that the application of stacked Helmholtz resonator panels is one of the most energy-efficient ways to suppress noise in the considered low-frequency band.

Published

2026-07-22

How to Cite

Mohammad, S. I., Maashari, N. D. K. A., Vasudevan, A., Wu, W., Hunitie, M. F. A., Mohammad, A. A. S., & Al-Fawwaz, T. M. (2026). Hybrid analytical–numerical–experimental study of low-frequency transformer noise control using stacked Helmholtz resonator panels. Sound & Vibration, 60(4). https://doi.org/10.59400/sv4302

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Vol. 60 No. 4 (2026)

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Article

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

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Hybrid analytical–numerical–experimental study of low-frequency transformer noise control using stacked Helmholtz resonator panels

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