Unconventional compensation methods used by patients with bulimia nervosa

Martyna Szymanska; Katarzyna Barylska; Łukasz  Stefański; Mateusz  Grajek

doi:10.59400/apr.v2i1.550

Unconventional compensation methods used by patients with bulimia nervosa

Martyna Szymanska Department of Public Health, Bytom, Silesia, Medical University of Katowice, Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
Katarzyna Barylska Department of Public Health, Bytom, Silesia, Medical University of Katowice, Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
Łukasz Stefański Department of Public Health, Bytom, Silesia, Medical University of Katowice, Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland
Mateusz Grajek Department of Public Health, Bytom, Silesia, Medical University of Katowice, Piekarska 18, 41-902 Bytom, Poland

Ariticle ID: 550

91 Views, 38 PDF Downloads

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59400/apr.v2i1.550

Keywords: bulimia nervosa; unconventional compensation methods; eating disorders; nutrition

Abstract

Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder that is more common among young girls and women. It bears a lot of life-long consequences for those affected by it, and in the most severe cases, it can be deadly. The aim of the study was to review the literature to help describe unconventional compensation methods used by patients with bulimia nervosa. The following methods were described: excessive and compulsive physical activity, induced vomiting, strict diets, enemas, use of pharmacy products, medication and dietary supplements, diabulimia, and drunkorexia. Atypical compensation methods used by bulimics depend on the resources the patients have at their disposal. Bulimia nervosa is still a significant and complicated health problem, and effective prevention methods have not been developed. Therefore, it is particularly important to observe people at risk of such disorders.

References

[1] Komorowska-Szczepanska W, Hansdorfer-Korzon R, Barna M, et al. Psychiatric bulimia as an interdisciplinary problem. Nutrition and the Environment. 2016; 70-78.

[2] Mosiolek A, Mamczak D. Nutritional behaviors and perception of disease in patients with bulimia: A pilot study. Psychiatry. 2018; 15(4): 206-210.

[3] Kazmierczak N, Niedzielski A. Eating disorders as diseases of civilization of the 21st century. Health Civilization. 2016; 121-131.

[4] Szpytman A, Brukwicka I, Kopanski Z, et al. On bulimia historically and today. Journal of Clinical Healthcare. 2016; (1): 17-20.

[5] Kudła J, Wanot B, Michalski C. Dietary standards and eating and dietary disorders. Diet and Health and Age. 2020; 37-61. doi: 10.16926/daziw.2020.03

[6] Zlotkowska R, Skiba M, Mroczek A, et al. Negative effects of physical activity and sports participation. Psychiatry. 2015; 50(1): 41-46.

[7] Bóna E, Forgács A, Túry F. Potential relationship between juice cleanse diets and eating disorders. A qualitative pilot study. Orvosi Hetilap OH. 2018; 159(28): 1153-1157. doi: 10.1556/650.2018.31090

[8] Hildebrandt M. Forms and types of addictions among the youth. Higher school of vocational education based in Wroclaw. 2023.

[9] Trojanowska A, Zarzycka D, Trojanowska P, et al. Manifestations of anorectic behavior among adolescents. Pediatric Endocrinology. 2017; 16(4): 281-288. doi: 10.18544/ep-01.16.04.1682

[10] Niemczyk-Zając A. Situation of people with mental disorders. WSG Scientific Journals. 2021; 39(6): 223-247.

[11] Maszewska M, Florowska A, Pekul J. Dietary supplements to support weight loss. PRZEMYSŁ SPOŻYWCZY. 2019; 73(04): 5. doi: 10.15199/65.2019.4.3

[12] Bienkiewicz M, Bator E, Bronkowska M. Dietary fiber and its importance in health prevention. Problemy Higieny i Epidemiologii. 2015; 96(1): 57-63.

[13] Coleman SE, Caswell N. Diabetes and eating disorders: an exploration of ‘Diabulimia.’ BMC Psychology. 2020; 8(1). doi: 10.1186/s40359-020-00468-4

[14] Hasken J, Kresl L, Nydegger T, et al. Diabulimia and the Role of School Health Personnel*. Journal of School Health. 2010; 80(10): 465-469. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00529.x

[15] Torjesen I. Diabulimia: The world’s most dangerous eating disorder. BMJ. 2019; 364: 1982. doi: 10.1136/bmj.l982

[16] Sinha R, O’Malley SS. Alcohol and Eating Disorders: Implications for Alcohol Treatment and Health Services Research. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. 2000; 24(8): 1312-1319. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2000.tb02097.x

[17] Munn-Chernoff MA, Few LR, Matherne CE, et al. Eating disorders in a community-based sample of women with alcohol use disorder and nicotine dependence. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2020; 212: 107981. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.107981

[18] Conason AΗ, Sher L. Alcohol use in adolescents with eating disorders. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health. 2006; 18(1). doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2006.18.1.31

[19] Szynal K, Górski M, Grajek M, et al. Drunkorexia—knowledge review. Psychiatria Polska. 2022; 56(5): 1131-1141. doi: 10.12740/pp/onlinefirst/134748

[20] Witkowska A. Decreased quality of mental health conditioned by eating disorders. Acta Scholae Superioris Medicinae Legnicensis. 2020; 1(23): 8-17.

[21] Callum AM, Lewis LM. Diabulimia among adolescents and young adults with Type 1 diabetes. Clinical Nursing Studies. 2014; 2(4). doi: 10.5430/cns.v2n4p12

Published

2023-10-13

How to Cite

Szymanska, M., Barylska, K., Stefański, Łukasz, & Grajek, M. (2023). Unconventional compensation methods used by patients with bulimia nervosa. Applied Psychology Research, 2(1), 550. https://doi.org/10.59400/apr.v2i1.550

Download Citation

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023)

Section

Article

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

This experiment examined the influences of number of co-actors and audience size on manual dexterity task performance and subjective reactions such as perceived effort and arousal. Predictions derived from social impact theory and the self-attention perspective’s other-total ratio indicated that both number of co-actors and audience size should influence responses. Undergraduate students (N = 128) responded as 1, 2, 4, or 8 group members who were observed in counterbalanced fashion by 1, 2, 4, or 8 audience members for four performance trials. The predictions of increased task performance with larger audience sizes and decreased performance as number of co-actors increased were not supported. Participants’ rated arousal was somewhat consistent with the predictions from the self-attention perspective and social impact theory. Self-reported effort was consistent with the predicted patterns, but not always significantly so. The influence of number of others is moderated by the objective-subjective nature of responses of real co-actors performing in front of live audiences.

The level of research undertaken on the academic psychological contract, and its influence on academics’ behaviour is limited. This paper seeks to consider the academic psychological contract, by reviewing its manifestation within the role and the influence on their undertaking of the role. Particularly important is academics’ interpretation of the role and what they consider important. Within this, the paper considers in-role and extra-role activities and what may be the grey areas in which time is spent. The research adopts the combined usage of phenomenology with interpretivist processes to investigate the insights of eighteen academics at nine UK University Business Schools. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data to consider the constructs’ manifestation. Key aspects of behaviour were identified as discretionary effort autonomy and managerialism, with links to academic citizenship.