Evaluation of disparate multiplicities of copper oxide nanoparticles integrated feed on the growth and hematology of koi carp
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of different multiplicities of integrated feed containing copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) on the morphology and growth of Koi carp. UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to produced and characterize the CuO nanoparticles. Different copper oxide nanoparticle multiplicities, including 25, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg, were added to the 100 g feed. After 21 days, the Koi carp’s feed consumption and hematological parameters were assessed. CuO NPs were examined at 200–300 nm wavelengths, according to the UV–visible absorption spectra. At wavelengths ranging from 9.18 mm (scale bar 10 µm) to 9.18 mm (scale bar 2 µm), SEM pictures were observed. Two peaks in the spectrum at 0.9 KeV and 8 KeV were detected by the EDAX spectrum. The wavelength range for the XRD picture observation was 75 nm. The 400 to 4000 cm–1 wavelength range was used to observe the FT-IR spectra. The Koi carp’s condition factor and feed utilization metrics were greater in feed VI. From feed I to feed VI, all other parameters are gradually reduced while the WBC count is steadily increased. The study came to the conclusion that Koi carp might grow well with 200 mg of copper oxide nanoparticles mixed with diet.
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