Nano and Medical Materials

Quantum chemical simulation of epirubicin interaction with fullerene and carbon graphene-like plane

B. M. Gorelov — 2024-07-26

Creation of new “targeted delivery” drugs is one of priority areas of pharmacology and is especially true for oncology. Medicinal substances, in particular those of anthracycline series, immobilized on the surface of nanosized carriers for the targeted delivery of drugs to target organs or target tissues, allow creating an optimal concentration of the drug in the area of therapeutic effect. The latter significantly reduces systemic toxicity by decreasing the total dose and longer retention in the lesion, as well as increasing the solubility and bioavailability of drugs. Ones of promising drug delivery nanosystems are carbon materials, in particular, fullerene (C₆₀) and pristine or modified graphene. The feature of carbon systems, in contrast to organic and dielectric transport systems, is their high conductivity and the dependence of the interaction energy between atoms of transporters and drugs on their charge state. To date, the specifics of the interaction of epirubicin with a graphene-like plane (GP) and fullerene at the atomic level remain poorly understood. Therefore, the energy parameters of the interaction of GP and C₆₀ with epirubicin in various protolytic forms, which reveal at different pH values of the aqueous medium, were studied using quantum chemistry methods. Calculations were carried out using the MOPAC2016 program and the PM6-D3H4X method, in which, along with hydrogen bonds, the dispersion interactions are taken into account. Based on the analysis of the results of quantum chemical studies, the thermodynamic probability of the epirubicin adsorption process on GP is predicted in the entire pH range of the aqueous medium, as evidenced by the negative values of interaction enthalpies in all four cases. It has been found that epirubicin (protonated form) will have the greatest adsorption both on the graphene plane (−209.1 kJ/mol) and upon interaction with the fullerene molecule (−121.3 kJ/mol).

Hydrothermal synthesis of valve metal Zr-doped titanate nanofibers for bone tissue engineering

Parker Cole — 2024-03-20

Investigations are underway to identify novel biomaterials to improve strategies for bone tissue engineering. Hybrid nanomaterials have emerged as a viable class of biomaterials. Here, we report a facile, economical, optimized, and well-controlled hydrothermal method for synthesizing Zr-doped potassium titanate nanofibers with high purity. Upon morphological characterization, Zr-doping did not disrupt the parent crystal structure of potassium titanate, which showed huge potential for bone tissue engineering.

Hydrothermally doping valve metal Nb into Titanate nanofibers structure for potentially engineering bone tissue

Yang Tian — 2024-03-07

Recent research efforts in bone tissue engineering have been primarily directed towards manufacture-viable synthesis of biomaterials that can significantly enhance the biocompatibilities and osteogenic capabilities on the new biomaterials. This paper presents a straightforward, cost-effective, optimized, and well-controlled hydrothermal synthesis of Nb-doped potassium titanate nanofibers in high-purity. Characterization data revealed that the Nb-doping potassium titanate maintained the crystal structure, showing great promise for applications in bone tissue engineering.

Nano-magnetism unleashed: Targeted healing in yoga and physiotherapy with magnetic nanoparticles

Noor Zulfiqar — 2024-06-27

This review article explores the innovative applications of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in yoga and physiotherapy for targeted healing. MNPs’ unique magnetic properties enable precise treatment and minimal invasiveness, offering significant potential in medical applications. Recent studies highlight the promising integration of MNPs into yoga and physiotherapy, enhancing the efficacy of these interventions by precisely targeting affected areas. This review also examines nanotechnology’s pivotal role in modern medical practices, showcasing MNPs’ contributions to pain management and tissue regeneration. By analyzing current developments and future prospects, the article aims to inspire further research and innovation in MNP-based targeted healing within yoga and physiotherapy.

Nanomaterials in drug delivery—Promises and limitations

Manisha Mishra — 2023-06-25

The unprecedented upsurge of human suffering, whose canvas seems to broaden by the emergence of incurable diseases as a result of evolution of novel strains of microbes is further compounded by the development of antimicrobial resistance, growing urbanization and lifestyle. Nanomaterials are of nano size-ranging from 10–100 nm, and nowadays, they are finding immense applications in drug delivery owing to their advantages over the conventional drug delivery systems. This review article aims to discuss various types of nanomaterials including polymeric nanoparticles (polymersomes, dendrimers, polymer micelles, nanospheres, and nanogels), inorganic nanoparticles (SiNPs, quantum dots, MXenes, FeONPs, and AuNPs) and lipid-based nanomaterials (liposome, lipid nanoparticles, emulsions, and niosomes) in drug delivery applications. Besides this, the manuscript also discusses their limitations, suitability, theranostics, and safety concerns in drug delivery. From the discussion about their applications and limitations in drug delivery, it can be conclusively stated that because of their versatility, the nanomaterials are promising contenders in the field of nanomedicine and their utility in healthcare has convincingly endorsed the fact that however ‘nano’ the dimensions of nanomaterials are, they have colossal relevance.

Footprints of Nanocarrier on multi drug resistance therapy

Sayali Aher — 2024-01-07

As it is commonly recognized, the phenomenon of multidrug resistance (MDR) is increasingly prevalent on a global scale, posing significant challenges in the realm of treatment. MDR refers to a condition where resistance to various medications, which may differ in their chemical composition and mode of action, arises due to the presence of numerous mechanisms. In response to multidrug resistance (MDR), developing technologies in the field of nanotechnology, particularly Nanocarrier, are being utilized as counteractive measures. Nanocarrier refers to biodegradable materials that are employed in the field of drug delivery. Their primary function is to improve the solubility of medications that have low solubility, boosting their bioavailability. Additionally, nanocarriers enable the timed release of drugs and facilitate the accurate targeting of specific areas inside the body. Nanocarriers exhibit a diverse range of morphologies and dimensions, encompassing nanofibers, nanocomposites, nanoparticles, and nanotubes. These nanocarriers can be administered through injection, subcutaneous delivery, or intramuscular administration. In this review article, we focus on different nanocarriers and their use in MDR.